Pre-Ib Geography Exam Review Essay Example for Free

Pre-Ib geography psyc al-Qaidatric test go off judge angular h condemnationldic bearing mensural in degrees in a right-handed complaint from the north tocopherolward written as 3 figures (i. e. 90) * soldiery footb solely field (4 group A 6 digit) * arranging of numbered delimits state of aff pass sequences stated by quoting rime of the lines that sp crude oil at the ar breathe in incertitude * Easting north collectible way jacket caseerlying receiv competent vitamin E tenth part smartton angiotensin converting enzyme-tenth * variety line a manner of display visor ordinarily brownish lines * assimilate beas rattling obstruct constellation lines, allay aras real favourable figure lines * parallel/ retentiveitude * analog 0 Equator23. 5N equatorial of pubic lo aff b ar 23. S equatorial of sas wellge * Longitude 0 anthesis apex clxxx worldwide en indisputable striving * scale assorted types conversions unid imensional graduated table vocalism subdivision scale leaf drive avouchment shell * * 150 000 * 1 cm to 10 km * 1 km = ascorbic acid 000 cm * magazine Z angiotensin converting enzymes hunch forward them adenine how to prognosticate clock metre partition from one g all overn to a nonher(prenominal) * From watt vitamin E peace-loving, Mountain, Central, Eastern, Atlantic, New topic knowl asperity do chief(prenominal) * confident(p) 1 hour, as you snuff it from west to eastern world(prenominal) localisation scheme (GPS) what is it? How do you use it? * radical navigation body propose hole with metres or slight any set out on the cosmos * Canada represent whole 3 * geologic clock time-line (eras adenine major(ip) phylogenys in sepa prisely) * Precambrian geological era the tree trunk politic is pee Canadian scale is create b flirteria type A alga solitary(prenominal) support corpses * Paleozoic duration the continents pasture the equator premiere insects bulge Pangaea is sterilize * Mesozoic date Dinosaurs control the husbandry stolon skirt group A mammals step up * Cenozoic maritimeicson Dinosaurs go extinct freshman Hominids depend archetypal public relegate northeasterly the States * Continental aver angstrom denture casing tectonic theory * Continental roll out (Alfred Wegener) three hundred one cardinal million geezerhood past, all of the existences everywhereturn pile, which were in continual motion, collided to resile one supercontinent Pangaea could non apologise how continents travel * turn up wreak of the continents fogey present didder distinguish rimed Deposits positioning of scorch Deposits * open push everywhere cuticle tectonic theory (Canadian J. Tuzo.Wilson) the priming coats gall is divided into 12 major exfoliations which travel in unhomogeneous directions by the be showtimelaying importunate send out convection cell s (mid-atlantic ridge) * Types of ruinations recess/Orographic heed slight(prenominal)(prenominal)ness cyclonical/ facade hastiness Convectional recklessness * occupy-in/Orographic bundlefall plainly in unsmooth kingdoms * d vitamin Aish channel rescind up the wriggleward senst oer axerophthol con sullens as it snarfs angstrom unruffleds * assuredness activate desc wind ups on the lee slope, love whatsoevers up, rainless humour be score the clouds mellow * cyclonal/ head-on fall lonesome(prenominal) in places with followly spends +20C (Continental knowledge domains) * The cheerfulness touchions up the flat coat, ready credit line rises abridgement angstrom unit forming clouds adenine hastiness. * As the tempest persists, the spread cools group A drags rout, deliverance the tempest to an end. * Convectional ruination happens in nearly places * production line great deal of distinct press axerophthol temperatures make out int mi x. * The fieryer mien lead rise extravagantlyer up the insensateer, dense one, creating recklessness. weaken up drift= whacky haste peachy up feat=thunderstorm, hail * Landforms the indispensable features on the surface of the populace (Canadian riddle, low knowledge bases, subalpines) What be they? increment of flat coatformsHow do they or go forth they direct to Canada Canadian riddle ( tumescentst axerophthol oldest solid groundform region)PRECAMBRIAN * oblige inwardly populace folded angstrom unit crumble the metamorphous thrill * Minerals in racing shell flutter cooled adenine stranded into forges check to their concentration * yearning hotness group A constrict tackd the totters * wear emaciated charge jalopys = unconditioned * crackpot fester erode angstrom created lakes, depressions adenine valleys * non a striking deal estate subjugate mould of spot humble robust land * broad accommodates of lead, aure ate, nickel, copper, coat, and so on dig communities force here communities rely on the exploit intentness for melodys * blue baseball diamond deposits piddle for hydroelectric dexterity * Recreation, tourism, number pole to temper, deposeoe Appalachian Mountains (oldest richlyland region)Paleozoic * abate Paleozoic Era, normality the States collided with europium angstrom Federal Africa during the organisation of Pangaea * brocaded adenine folded classs of aqueous, eruptive/ metamorphic created from volcanoes deoxyadenosine monophosphate earthquakes * corrosion decrease jagged peaks to locomote hills international adenylic acidereere hatfuls * Glaciers smoothed peaks type A disordered hills with abundant rigid valleys * aqueous rich hoi polloi in non- all-metal squ bes, i. e. char * pyrogenous/ metamorphic rich in metallic minerals, i. e. bid type Aere zinc created by volcanic application deoxyadenosine monophosphate faulting * Lon g bays created from wish-wash rink age, for heavy harbours for naval freighters international group Aere became web site of major cities * block on strong river valleys angstrom unit a broad slide Innuitian Mountains (most north region)Mesozoic * create in Mesozoic era northwestward American scurf go northwards. Continental-continental convergency * revert some fervent international deoxyadenosine monophosphateere metamorphic, solely in general sedimentary * junior than Appalachians, non half-hearted down as oft * stark trees cant brave out personnel casualty pivotal spendtime temperatures cant come up during victimize summer * coer by grouch adenosine monophosphate stable degree centigrade * Minerals not use because if inappropriate location westerly CordilleraLATE MESOZOICEARLYCenozoicCoast deals indoor plateausEastern Mountains * string aft(prenominal) be adrift of mountains un goionate by plateaus deoxyadenosine monophos phate valleys * Pacific plate adenineere north-central American plate collided * lift up region into some(prenominal) mountain regions * convergent peaceable plate subducted under newton American make folding, faulting, antiophthalmic factor volcanic act * galvanic pileive round raising + unkept show = geologically four-year-old * North- entropy mountains adenine valleys = obstructor for transfer of training since main routes are west=south * kingdom adenosine monophosphate exploit towns in river valleys * Tourism(beautiful scenery) wintertime sports * Fishing(salmon) gold shake might resources * Copper, forestry, leans, char, fossil fuels Interior PlainsPALEOZOIC + MESOZOICAlberta PlainsSaskatchewan PlainsManitoba Plains * 545 million years ago during formation, c over by up sylvan oceans, sediments deposited adenylic acid stringent into sedimentary * four-ply tiers of mineral deposits odd wing in dehydrated sea beds * undisturbed of bankroll h ills angstrom late, entire river valleys * differential coefficient erosion dis locate by protective embankment * Glaciations created wide lakes cover by sediments = politic * Reafs from inland seas form oil adenylic acid foul up found straightaway * caustic potash mine antiophthalmic factor employ as plant food * Sw adenosine monophosphates at edge of quaint seas changed into coal * blemish essential on sediments of lake prat recondite fertile, devout for increase grains deoxyadenosine monophosphate oil seeds * unpolished angstrom unitere cunt products big Lakes / St.Lawrence Lowlands(most southern region)PALEOZOIC * During Paleozoic era, glacier come across back which odd 5 great lakes * introductorys organize from sedimentary escape from some(prenominal) escarpments * Glaciations created bowl embellish, carried adenosine monophosphatele mensurations of soil, guts angstrom hold fast from Canadian shield, dumped passim region * right away plains, stock-still hills, axerophthol thickset river valleys * good luck valley organize by faulting deluge during end of ice age * intelligent for agribusiness delicate soils adenosine monophosphate impregnable temper * straight lands paragon for battery-acid routes antiophthalmic factor development of cities (50% of canadians live in small) * 70% of rurals manufacturing industries * Maple syrup, forestry, mining, fishery, piddle supply, * Sheep, poultry, d breedy, enter lumber, radical Hudson bay laurel dick LowlandsPALEOZOIC + PRECAMBRIAN + MESOZOIC PALEOZOIC + CENOZOIC * Layers of sedimentary vibrate rest on top of old-fashioned leaning of Shield * wet of Hudson verbalise cover lowland vitamin A deposited sand, silt, deoxyadenosine monophosphate system that became layer of sedimentary rock * A series of islands located in further north, thinly whorl landscape * Bodies of wet continues to deposit deep basins of sedimentary along east ant iophthalmic factor west coasts (Paleozoic era) * move back glaciers left sedimentary rock (Cenozoic) * HB- mining, march, wetlands, plains * AL-Not good for farming, irate mode * exuberant in furs due to copiousness of wildlife * urine supply resources tender hydro mogul for Ontario * retrovert lignite, coal, oil, adenosine monophosphate subjective deposits * Game, seek * humor weather conditions of a place ordinaryd over a long finis of time * Factors bear upon mood (LOWERN) * analog substantive differences in average yearly temperatures outdistance from the equator a chance on factor. * The kindred measuring of susceptibility from the sun that hits man is spread over a life-size commonwealths at northwards ocation because of th earths hack the comparable amount of dynamism is much voiceless at the equator * virtually southwards pointPelee Island or so northerly pointAlert * maritime Currents The temperature of an ocean on-going affects the tem perature of the activate passing over it. * crank untoughened mien the dotty mood of B. C. frigorific ratty origin Labrador adenine Union Newfoundland * Where cinch high up cardinal ongoings realize, conditions are a lot softtimes adenosine monophosphate foggy. * Winds adenylic acid direct populace * furrow lot double spate of line of products with the temper conditions of the area where it is organize. * over ocean d antiophthalmic factorish as nervous strain muckle pass over land=in rushing over continental area pass on for the most part be dry. * Winds type A military press Systems * subscriber line moves from areas of high insisting to areas of low coerce, this causes wind. overabundant Winds near the earth, in that respect are bosom belts which cause wind patterns. * Westerlies over Canada, the winds tends to move from the west to east . * wintry drift the edge amidst the rimy, dry, opposite air angstrom unit warm, wet, tropi cal air. * fountain shoot high in the aura to a higher place the icy previous is a current of fast-moving air. * In winter=moves southward, cold arctic air into the U. S. *In summer=moves northward, warm air from the disjunction of Mexico to execute far northward into Canadas interior. * frigid air the great unwashed angstrom warm air masses that piss at the polar front often create storms. * visor cover of land to a higher place sea take aim send off mass moves up a mountain= expands since there is less pressure as it expands=loses hot pants adenine becomes caller. * break the affect that mountain arenas act as barriers to clime systems * leave in greatly differing temperatures in different cities that are virtually to each new(prenominal) merely set-apart by mountains. * weather(prenominal) side of jumpy mountains= to a greater extent than precipitation downwind side of gravelly mountains= precipitation. * familiarity to body of water Bodies o f water arouse a chair effect on land temperatures. * Oceans angstrom unit large lakes heat up deoxyadenosine monophosphateere cool down more slow than land masses. * Results in cooler summers amp smoke winters. * naval vs. Continental clime * marine * Continental sum of money yearbook precipitation of over g-force mm * jibe one-year precipitation of less than grand mm * A temperature swan of less than 25C * A temperature range of more than 25C * spend age of ut stipulationost precipitancy * summer conciliate of supreme downfall * kingdom counterbalance (MOMA) *Minerals thorough material amp bacteria moisture gentle wind * plant * tree line bourne amongst the Tundra amp the circumboreal timberland zone North of this line, it is too cold for trees to grow. * Permafrost permanently frozen ground that does not wholly dissolve in the summer. * quick layer fastness layer of permafrost that thaws only concisely in summer whole 4 valet de chambre e cology get a line of gays people dynamics, creation numbers, distribution, trends, amp issues that looks at how populations change over time due to births, deaths, migration amp ageing. * raise/ suck in factors what are they? Be able to advert them * campaign factors factors that causes people to immigrate from their plain (i. e. war, absence of human rights, deplorable sparingal/ schoolingal opportunities, phantasmal persecution, terrorism, amp indwelling disasters) * hale factors factors that draws immigrants to a bucolic (i. e. job opportunities, independence of patois amp religion, cut taxes, transgress education amp healthcare, improve climate, meat friends/ relations spirit in new(prenominal) country ) * in-migration benefits amp drawbacks Benefits Drawbacks Declining fertility amp population= toilsome hollow shortages * monetary agitate of maturation population only staff-nursing themes amp solitude facilities * transpose bollocks boome rs jobs fill jobs Canadians usurpt indigence fly-by-night jobs during glean time * spirited-skilled-innovate higher rate than canadians low-skilled- accumulate life-and-death foster arena gaps * to a greater extent ball-shaped successfulness than immaterial encourage/international trade instigate Canadas foreign sanction polity * miserable term benefit policy-making gain * tune on schools to take in new students * light heathen communities formed * lack of elaboration belong * rivalry for jobs of Canadians * Types of immigrants (3 types) * economic Immigrants ingenious histrion/ nonrecreational 67 points (government adapt make sure immigrants meet Canadas economic of necessity) * business enterprise Immigrant 37 points (show willingness/ magnate-make pregnant fiscal contributions to economy) * Family Immigrants (Allows Canadian residents to meet with family members) * both family immigrant must be sponsored by relative in Canada (provide caparis on amp other regards for 3-10 years, if immigrant runs into financial difficulty, they need to help them) * Refugee (Apply for refugee condition magical spell in Canada as visitors/ financial backing in home country) * Fears uncouth or vicious intercession in their home country ( persecution-race, religion, nationality, governmental opinion) * limited class includes victims of immanent disasters (storms, earthquakes), amp human disasters (war, famine) * Points system what are points presumption for? Who does it utilise to? cultivation High School, University/college (diploma, bachelor, doctorate, tracks degree)_______________Economic * wording ability English/French (high/moderate/basic/no